The endocrine system is comprised of glands.
Glands are - Group of specialized cells that produce secretions
Exocrine glands: Secrete through a duct
Endocrine glands: Ductless, secrete hormones directly into blood stream
Hormones: Regulate activities of cells and other organs
Target tissue: Specific tissue acted upon by a hormone
Some endocrine glands:
1. Pituitary
2. Thyroid
3. Parathyroid
4. Adrenal
5. Pancreas
6. Gonads
Source: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/E/Endocrines.gif
Anterior pituitary: also called adenohypophysis
produces:
1. (HGH) - Human Growth Hormone, stimulates body growth
2. (TSH) - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, stimulates thyroid to produce hormones
3. (FSH) - Follicle Stimulating Hormone, promotes follicle development in women, physical maturation of sperm in males
4. (LH) - Lutenizing Hormone, induces ovulation in women & promotes estrogen and progesterone secretions, in males stimulates production of sex hormones
Posterior Pituitary: neurohypophysis, stores and releases:
1. Oxytocin-released prior to giving birth
2. Antidiuretic Hormone-causes kidney to reabsorb water
Thyroid gland:
1. Thyroxine (T4)
2. Triiodothyronine (T3)
3. Thyrocalcitonin
Parathyroid:
On posterior side of thyroid gland, regulates calcium levels in blood
Adrenal glands: on top of each kidney
Adrenal Cortex:
1. mineralcorticoids
2. glucocorticoids
3. sex hormones
Adrenal Medulla:
1. norepinephrine
2. epinephrine
Pancreas:
Islets of Langerhans
1. Alpha Cells produce Glucagon-causes liver to release glucose
2. Beta Cells produce Insulin-reduces blood glucose levels by causing liver to take glucose from blood stream and store it
Gonads:
Testes:
Produce testosterone and sperm
Ovaries:
Produce hormone estrogen and progesterone, produces eggs
Source- webschoolsolution
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